Parquet vs CSV for BigQuery, AWS Athena, and Spark

AWS Athena charges per terabyte scanned. If your data sits in S3 as CSV, every query reads every row of every column — even the ones you don't need. Parquet stores data column by column and compresses each one independently, so Athena only reads what the query actually asks for. The same dataset in Parquet format is often 5–10x smaller than CSV, and that difference shows up directly on your AWS bill.

If you're managing tables with AWS Glue, keeping data in Parquet also makes ETL jobs faster and cheaper. Glue reads less data, processes it faster, and you pay for fewer DPU-hours.

BigQuery can load Parquet files from Cloud Storage into a native table, or query those files in place through an external table. Loading is usually the stronger choice for repeated analysis and full BigQuery performance. External tables are useful for ad hoc access or when the source must stay in Cloud Storage.

Keep the Cloud Storage bucket and BigQuery dataset in compatible locations. This browser converter writes every CSV column as STRING, so cast numeric and date fields in your BigQuery schema or queries after loading the Parquet output.

Redshift Spectrum can read Parquet from S3-backed external tables, while Spark and EMR can process Parquet as a typed, columnar input. These workflows benefit when jobs select a subset of columns or repeatedly scan the same large dataset.

CSV remains useful at the edges of the workflow for exports and manual checks, while Parquet is the better long-lived format for analytical storage and repeat processing.

Parquet is a binary format — you can't open it in Excel or a text editor. If you need to share data with someone who isn't going to query it through Athena or Spark, CSV is usually more practical. Analysts who work in spreadsheets, BI tools, or simple import wizards will have an easier time with a CSV.

CSV also wins for quick manual inspection. If you pulled a Parquet file from S3 and just want to check a few values, converting it to CSV and opening it locally is often faster than spinning up a query.

Both the Parquet-to-CSV and CSV-to-Parquet converters on this site run entirely in your browser — nothing is uploaded to a server. That makes them safe to use with production data or anything proprietary.

Grab a Parquet file from S3, convert it to CSV here, and open it in Excel — done in under a minute. Or take a local CSV and convert it to Parquet before uploading to S3, so your Athena queries are cheaper from day one.